Botswana

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2.67 out of 5
WWF Country Risk Score

98 out of 248 Countries
WWF Country Rank

Total Organizations:	10
Total Projects:	4
Priority SDGs:	Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4) Increase Access to Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (SDG 6.1 & 6.2) Water Quality (SDG 6.3) Water Use Efficiency (SDG 6.4) Integrated Water Resource Management (SDG 6.5) Protect and Restore Ecosystems (SDG 6.6) International Cooperation and Capacity Building (SDG 6.a) Stakeholder Participation (SDG 6.b) Climate Resilience and Adaptation (SDG 13.1)
Priority Regions:	--
Priority Industries:	Power generation
Organization Types:	50% Business 20% NGO / Civil Society 10% Bilateral and / or Intergovernmental Agency 10% International Organization 10% Utility / Water Service Provider
Profile Completion:	91%

Water-Related Challenge Costs

Total annual estimated cost to address all water-related challenges: $528,498,715.00

Share of total annual estimated cost to address each individual challenge (2015 $USD):

Access to Drinking Water: $178,423,032.00 - [34%]
Access to Sanitation: $185,387,145.00 - [35%]
Industrial Pollution: $15,317,014.00 - [3%]
Agricultural Pollution: $43,127,338.00 - [8%]
Water Scarcity: $18,161,067.00 - [3%]
Water Management: $88,083,119.00 - [17%]

For more about this data, see information on WRI’s Achieving Abundance dataset here.

Water Challenges

As reported by organizations on the Hub.

25.0%

Access to Water Supply and Water Services

25.0%

Local Water Resource Governance

12.5%

Compliance with Local Regulations and Widely-Accepted Standards

12.5%

Physical water supply

12.5%

Upstream Water Issues

12.5%

Water Demand and Competition among Users

Country Overview

1.1.WATER RESOURCES 1.1.1.WATER RESOURCES Waters in Bosnia and Herzegovina hydrographically belong to the Black Sea Basin (39,000km2, or 75.7 per cent of the country’s total surface area) and to the Adriatic Sea Basin (12,000km2, or 24.3 per cent), although the precise lines of separation between these two basins have not yet been determined in certain areas because of the hydrologically complex nature of the karst. The Sava river is a recipient of water streams from the northern part of BIH, which belong to the Black Sea basin, while the Neretva river is the only direct tributary of the Adriatic basin. The river basins of the Black and Adriatic seas supply Bosnia and Herzegovina with most of its fresh water. The country receives some 1,000mm of precipitation annually. There are about 30 water reservoirs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, primarily on the Neretva and Trebisnjica basin and the Drin. Most are designed for hydropower and all are important for flood control, drinking water and irrigation. Ninety per cent of drinking water comes from groundwater resources. 1.1.2.WATER USE The biggest cities in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) account for 61 per cent of total water consumption. Sarajevo consumes 36 per cent, Mostar 10 per cent, Tuzla 9 per cent, and Zenica 6 per cent. Water consumption by industry is very significant. Part of the industrial water demand is met by drinking water from the water utilities, but the biggest industrial consumers typically also have their own water supply sources. Today, industrial technologies are working towards reducing consumption of all resources used during production, and introducing water recycling wherever possible, as they are obliged to pay fees for water abstraction and wastewater discharge. The total water used by industry from its own water sources amounts to 5,914,770 x 103 m3, a mere 17 per cent of pre-war consumption. Agricultural land covers 11,367km2 (43.5 per cent), of which 7,184km2 is arable. It is estimated that the total area in need of irrigation represents 808km2 (11.2 per cent) of total arable land, but present estimates suggest that only 16km2 (0.2 per cent) of arable land is irrigated in reality. In the Republika Srpska (RS), the five biggest cities account for 50 per cent of total water consumption; Banja Luka (25 per cent), Bijeljina (10 per cent), Prijedor (7 per cent), Doboj (4 per cent) and Zvornik (4 per cent). As in FB&H, a small amount of the industrial water demand (18 million m3) is covered by drinking water from water utilities, while most is derived from insdustry’s own sources (150 million m3/year). Small quantities of water are used for irrigation. In Bosnia and Herzegovina there is a large system of hydro-energy utilization named HET (Hydro power plants on the Trebišnjica river). There are four hydro power plants, three in Bosnia and Herzegovina and one in Croatia, which have a capacity of 820MW, and there are plans for new hydropower plants with the aim of gaining an additional 200MW.

1.2.WATER QUALITY, ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN HEALTH Major environmental problems include air pollution from metallurgical plants, the scarcity of sites for disposing of urban waste, deforestation, and water shortages and destruction of infrastructure resulting from the 1992-95 civil strife. Today, none of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s large settlements has a treatment facility for wastewater, which means that all settlements of this size are also significant sources of pollution. All watercourses should reach ‘good’ ecological status by 2015, with the exception of the four water bodies on the Bosna River. All bodies under pressure were classified as ‘exposed to risk in the first approximation’. Of 22 groundwater bodies, six are considered to be ‘at risk’ due to human intervention, four are ‘at risk’ in terms of both quantity (due to over extraction) and quality, and the rest are threatened with quality risk only. Four groundwater bodies have insufficient data to estimate status.

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Leonardo Rodriguez
Water Action Hub Staff
Pacific Institute

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Organizations in Botswana

Aqua Holding (Organization)

Production of chemicals and equipment for potable water treatment and industrial water preparing. Learn More

Barnes Group (Organization)

www.tradecore.co.za

We form part of the Barnes Group of Companies. We leverage our ability off owning our own steel manufacturing mill, which then supplies into our wholly owned primary manufacturing companies, who then produce standard and customer specific products which are … Learn More

Corporate Eco Forum (Organization)

www.corporateecoforum.com

The Corporate Eco Forum (CEF) is an invitation-only membership organization for large companies that demonstrate a serious commitment to environment as a business strategy issue. CEF’s mission is to help accelerate sustainable business innovation by creating the best neutral space … Learn More

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) (Organization)

www.giz.de/en/html/index.html

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH is a federally owned organisation. We work worldwide in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. Our mandate is to support the German Government in achieving its development objectives. We provide viable, … Learn More

HYDROC GmbH (Organization)

www.hydroc.de

HYDROC is an association of independent consultants, -scientists and -engineers, providing water-related services through a network of national and international experts. Our concept uses the synergies of our combined expertise for the successful implementation of a variety of projects. Our … Learn More

Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility (Organization)

www.iccr.org

Currently celebrating its 42nd year, ICCR is the pioneer coalition of active shareholders who view the management of their investments as a catalyst for change. Its 300 member organizations with over $100 billion in AUM have an enduring record of … Learn More

Natural Resources Group (Organization)

www.natural-resources-group.com

· Climate change impact risk assessments, strategy, adaptation and proofing · Resilient cities / business · Water resources yield and supply assurance · Hydrology, specialising in Forest Hydrology (Professionally registered) · Flood modelling · Conceptual water supply planning · GIS … Learn More

Pick n Pay (Organization)

www.picknpay.co.za

Food retailer based in South Africa Learn More

Rural Water Supply Network (Organization)

rural-water-supply.net/en

The Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) is the global network of professionals and practitioners working to raise standards of knowledge and evidence, technical and professional competence, practice and policy in rural water supply and so fulfil the vision of sustainable … Learn More

SaniSan Ltd (Organization)

Our focus is on designing, manufacturing and supplying sanitation solutions that impact positively on the enviornment and thereby contributing to SDG 6 directly, but indirectly on SDG 3. Our toilet products are designed to operate without water for flushing, and … Learn More

Projects in Botswana

Challenge programme IWMI: "Water and Food" (MAEE/IRD)/Limpopo (Project)

waterandfood.org/basins/limpopo-2

CPWF (challenge programme for water and food) is an international, multi-institutional research initiative with a strong emphasis on north-south and south-south partnerships. The initiative brings together research scientists, development specialists, and river basin communities in Africa, Asia and Latin America … Learn More

Integrated Water Resources Management and Ethics (Project)

rsr.akvo.org/en/project/5317

Water resources continue to deteriorate despite the adoption of IWRM and some progresses in policies, laws, monitoring programmes, etc. Concurrently, poverty, inequality, social and environmental injustices still pervade the African continent. Fundamental shift in managerial attitude and policy is required … Learn More

Limpopo River Basin Focal Project (Project)

www.fanrpan.org/documents/d00502

This project will contribute to reducing poverty and enhancing food, health and nutritional security in the Limpopo River Basin by analysing the status of agricultural water use, access and productivity, and identifying opportunities for improved agricultural water management. Project Results … Learn More

Managing Flows for Sustainable Development (Project)

www.waterandnature.org/en/regions/east-southern-africa/past-...

The project aimed to build awareness and capacity for environmental flows assessment in the basin and identify institutional and legal mechanisms for mainstreaming environmental flows. Interest in environmental flows in the region had been promoted by the South African Water … Learn More

Suggested Resources

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View the full list of 300+ resources at the Water Stewardship Toolbox

Aqua Gauge (Resource)

www.ceres.org/resources/tools/ceres-aqua-gauge-comprehensive...

Inform and strengthen your company’s water management strategies and allow your investors to evaluate current water management activities against detailed definitions of leading practice. Learn More

Developers: Ceres

A safe operating space for humanity (Planetary Boundaries) (Resource)

In this Nature feature, Johan Rockstrom and co-authors argue that identifying and quantifying planetary boundaries that must not be transgressed could help prevent human activities from causing unacceptable environmental change. Learn More

CDP Global Water Report 2018 (Resource)

This report presents analysis of the response data from a sample of 783 of the world’s largest publicly listed companies. The report is aimed at companies and investors seeking to understand how they can play their part in delivering a … Learn More

CEO Water Mandate Toolbox (Resource)

ceowatermandate.org/toolbox

The Toolbox connects your business to the latest tools, guidance, case studies, datasets, and more most relevant to you based on your circumstances and interests. It features more than 250+ resources from dozens of organizations and is updated every week. Learn More

Developers: CEO Water Mandate, Pacific Institute

Checklist: Restoring Water Quality in Buildings for Reopening. (Resource)

www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2020-05/documents/final_c...

Checklist for restoring water quality in buildings left unused for a long duration. Learn More

Developers: EPA Office of Wastewater Management

COVID-19 and the right to water: The crucial role of business during and after the pandemic (Resource)

gbihr.org/updates/covid-19-and-the-right-to-water-the-crucia...

Includes Immediate steps, ongoing health measures that can be taken, and responsible business practice Learn More

COVID-19: SABESP AND THE FIGHT AGAINST THE PANDEMIC IN SAO PAULO, BRAZIL (Resource)

www.worldwatercouncil.org/sites/default/files/Members/NL_mem...

Based on the major combat guidelines set by the São Paulo State Government, Sabesp is fully engaged to endure COVID-19 pandemic within its operation area, which means 374 municipalities located throughout São Paulo state and home to about 28 million … Learn More

Developers: Sabesp

Drinking Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) and COVID-19 Library – WASH4Work (Resource)

wash4work.org/wash-covid-19

Best practices- Resources- Webinars on WASH/COVID-19 topics. Learn More

Global Water Footprint Standard (Resource)

waterfootprint.org/media/downloads/TheWaterFootprintAssessme...

The Global Water Footprint Assessment Standard can be used to provide comparable quantification and robust analytics, helping corporations, governments, and researchers manage water resources and achieve greater water sustainability. Learn More

HACCP Principles & Application Guidelines (Resource)

www.fda.gov/food/hazard-analysis-critical-control-point-hacc...

The Committee designed this document to guide the food industry and advise its sponsoring agencies in the implementation of HACCP systems. Learn More

Incorporating Multiple Benefits into Water Projects: A Guide for Water Managers (Resource)

pacinst.org/publication/incorporating-multiple-benefits-into...

Adapting to climate change, coupled with the need to address aging infrastructure, population growth, and degraded ecosystems, requires significant investment in natural and built water systems. These investments present a significant opportunity to support not only water, but to provide … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

Links: Resources on COVID-19 and WASH (Resource)

sanitationandwaterforall.org/about/about-us/water-sanitation...

To help our partners in responding to this health crisis in their countries, we have compiled different resources and tools around COVID-19 and WASH, which include documents, videos, social media materials with messages on public health, webinar recordings, etc. Learn More

(List) American Water Works Association: Coronavirus Resources (Resource)

www.awwa.org/Resources-Tools/Resource-Topics/Coronavirus#106...

With special attention to resources for utilities, this page lists relevant guidance around water and COVID-19. Learn More

Developers: American Water Works Association

(List) WEF: The Water Professional’s Guide to COVID-19 (Resource)

wef.org/news-hub/wef-news/the-water-professionals-guide-to-t...

This page seeks to help water sector professionals keep informed on the attributions of the COVID-19 virus and any measures needed to protect both workers and public health, in general. Learn More

Maintaining or Restoring Water Quality in Buildings with Low or No Use. (Resource)

www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2020-05/documents/final_m...

How to ensure the safety of staff and maintaining water quality in buildings with little or no use. Learn More

Operational Considerations for COVID-19 Management in the Accommodation Sector (Resource)

apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331937/WHO-2019-nCo...

With private enterprises playing a critical role in contributing to the safety of their staff, it is important to change some of their core operations. This guide is meant as a stepping point to begin reopening with safety as a … Learn More

Restoring Water to Medical, Residential, and Commercial Buildings Shutdowns, Unsafe Water (Resource)

engineering.purdue.edu/PlumbingSafety/covid19/index_html

How to ensure the safety of staff and maintaining water quality in buildings with little or no use. Learn More

SDG Compass Business Tools (Resource)

sdgcompass.org/business-tools

The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Compass Business Tools inventory maps existing business tools against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It allows you to explore commonly used business tools that may be useful when assessing your organization’s impact on the SDGs. Learn More

Towards the Circular Economy: Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains (Resource)

This report explores the possibilities of scaling a circular economy, given the reality of the global economy and the complexity of multi-tier supply chains. Learn More

Developers: World Economic Forum

WASH@Work: A Self-training Handbook (Resource)

ILO Sectoral Policies and Governance and Tripartism Departments present four self-training modules, which adapt existing ILO training tools on OSH to provide governments, workers and employers with the necessary skills to implement the general principles contained in relevant ILO instruments. … Learn More

Water Balance Targets (Resource)

www.worldwildlife.org/publications/water-balance-targets

Companies are increasingly setting and pursing ‘water balance targets’ as part of their water stewardship strategies. The seeming simplicity of balance goals can be attractive – “we will restore a volume of water equal to the amount our business consumes.” … Learn More

Developers: WWF

Water Risk Filter (Resource)

waterriskfilter.panda.org

The Water Risk Filter can be used to assess and respond to water related risks for your own operations, suppliers, or growth plans. Learn More

Developers: WWF

World Bank Brief: WASH (Water, Sanitation & Hygiene) and COVID-19 (Resource)

www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water/brief/wash-water-sanitation...

Safely managed water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services are an essential part of preventing and protecting human health during infectious disease outbreaks, including the current COVID-19 pandemic. Learn More