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Serbia

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Amazon
Area: 5888268 km2
Countries:
Brazil; Peru; Suriname; France; Colombia; Guyana; Bolivia; Venezuela; Ecuador
Cities:
Santa Cruz; Manaus; La Paz
PFAF ID:
HydroBasin Level:
Baseline Water Stress:
Water Quality Stress:
Sanitation Access Stress:
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Quick Info

2.56 out of 5
WWF Country Risk Score
119 out of 248 Countries
WWF Country Rank
Total Organizations: 15
Total Projects: 2
Priority SDGs: Sustainable Agriculture (SDG 2.4)
Increase Access to Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (SDG 6.1 & 6.2)
Water Quality (SDG 6.3)
Water Use Efficiency (SDG 6.4)
Integrated Water Resource Management (SDG 6.5)
Sustainable Production (SDG 12.4)
Climate Resilience and Adaptation (SDG 13.1)
Priority Regions: Danube
Drin
Priority Industries: Biotech, health care & pharma
Food, beverage & agriculture
Power generation
Organization Types:
33%
Business
33%
NGO / Civil Society
13%
Government
13%
Utility / Water Service Provider
7%
Bilateral and / or Intergovernmental Agency
Profile Completion: 73%

Water-Related Challenge Costs

Total annual estimated cost to address all water-related challenges: $522,696,950.00

Share of total annual estimated cost to address each individual challenge (2015 $USD):

  • Access to Drinking Water: $40,760,166.00 - [8%]
  • Access to Sanitation: $67,244,213.00 - [13%]
  • Industrial Pollution: $135,891,643.00 - [26%]
  • Agricultural Pollution: $46,801,011.00 - [9%]
  • Water Scarcity: $144,883,758.00 - [28%]
  • Water Management: $87,116,158.00 - [17%]

For more about this data, see information on WRI’s Achieving Abundance dataset here.

Water Challenges

As reported by organizations on the Hub.

25.0%
Influent
16.7%
Access to Water Supply and Water Services
16.7%
Land Use Issues
16.7%
Water Demand and Competition among Users
8.3%
Compliance with Local Regulations and Widely-Accepted Standards
8.3%
Physical water supply
8.3%
Socioeconomic and Reputation

Country Overview

1.1.1.WATER RESOURCES Serbia’s predominantly upland terrain can be divided into a northern region, which is part of the Pannonian Plain and intersected by the Danube, Sava, Tisza, Tamiš and Begej rivers, the DanubeTisza-Danube canal system (DTD) and several lakes, and a more hilly and mountainous region to the south of the Danube which comprises the Rhodope, Carpathian, Balkan, Dinaric and SkardoPind mountains. This central-southern region connects to the southern Balkans via the Morava and Vardar/Axios Basins.

1.1.2.WATER USE Groundwater is the primary source of municipal and industrial water supply, with a total municipal abstraction of c. 750 million m³ in 1991. Industrial water supply in 1991 was c. 615 million m³, with 175 million m³ used for irrigation. Less than three per cent of agricultural land is irrigated, and levels continue to decline. Hydropower is a significant power generator and water user in Serbia, accounting for 31 per cent of total energy production in 2004 (11,021GWh). There are 13 major reservoirs greater than 10 million m3 dedicated to energy production, e.g. Iron Gate I. The waterway network extends over 1700km of the Danube, Sava and Tisza rivers as well as the 600km navigable part of the DTD system. All are directly or indirectly connected with the European inland network. Navigation improvements on the Danube have been systematic and continuous. The Tisza is navigable over 164km, and the Sava over 207km. The Sava is part of an international waterway connecting Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina and Serbia with the Danube. Flood control is provided by levees on the major rivers of the Pannonian plain and central Serbia, where all major cities and significant industrial facilities are located in potential flood areas. Smaller rivers are prone to torrents, with frequent flash floods and landslides; control measures are only partially developed. Considering flood risk, floodwater potentially threatens 245km2 of farmland and urban areas. This is particularly pronounced in areas surrounding Lake Skadar and the Bojana River, Zeta Valley, Bjelopavlici, Plav ravine and areas around the Lim, Tara and Cehotina river valleys. Most of the existing land reclamation systems are currently not operational. Central and northern parts of the country (specifically the upper Tara and Lim regions) were hit by large floods during the last century (e.g. 1963 and 1979 and again in 1999 and 2000). The need for flood protection measures is particularly apparent in the areas near the larger rivers, namely Morača, Lim, Tara, Cehotina, Ibar and Bojana, and the large flat karst plain areas. Current work completed on river regulation and flood protection is modest, mainly of local importance, and not adequate in terms of extension and functionality.

1.2.WATER QUALITY, ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN HEALTH Major environmental problems are air pollution around Belgrade and other industrial cities, as well as water pollution from industrial waste dumped into the Sava, which flows into the Danube. Changes in the Serbian economy have resulted in a major reduction in pollution emissions. The economic downturn and the transformation to private ownership has resulted in pronounced variations in industrial output since 1998. The list of significant point sources covers 46 communities and 14 industries – however many of the major industries are not covered due to lack of reliable data, and most industrial wastewater quality analyses do not include specific pollutants. Industry is a significant source of hydraulic wastewater volume, while the nutrient load is notably higher from municipal sources – due to the fact that municipal wastewaters are mainly discharged untreated, and that current industrial output is low. Most small communities (fewer than 2,000 people) do not have wastewater treatment plants, and a number of existing plants are not operational. With a large proportion of the population living in small settlements (27 per cent in communities of fewer than 2000; 21 per cent in communities of 2,000-10,000), this has a significant impact for wastewater management. The major municipal pollution sources stem from the cities of Beograd, Novi Sad and Niš, with emission levels >150,000PE. These areas discharge untreated wastewater and are sources of significant organic and nutrient pollution. Data on agricultural sources are not available.

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Country Water Profile

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Organizations in Serbia


Antea Group is an international engineering and environmental consulting firm with access to more than 3,000 consultants in over 100 offices around the world. Our Sustainability Practice brings together management consultants and technical experts offering solutions from strategy through implementation … Learn More

Urban water supply and sewerage. Learn More

Blue Planet Network provides a technology platform for funders to easily select, monitor, and manage WASH projects that have been peer reviewed and vetted for quality and sustainability. Each member project must pass a rigorous peer review and planning process … Learn More

"Develop women’s professional and leadership potential at all levels", with the determination that our effort will lead to "Equal Participation of Women and Men in Power and Decision-Making Roles". Main focus: Policy and legislation; participation of all stakeholders, especially women … Learn More

Independent advisory company seeking to catalyse environmental investments Main focus areas within water issues: water and irrigation, water and sanitation, water and business risk Learn More

Since its foundation in May 2007, HYTECON has generated an established market position within the field of consulting services for water and technical hygiene related aspects, focussing especially on innovative and customer-oriented solutions. A highly experienced team of microbiologists and … Learn More

Purpose of the organization is to promote socio, economic and cultural advancement of weaker sections by education, training, research and field action programs. Specific focus is to promote awareness on water sanitation among rural poor communities and help them to … Learn More

Currently celebrating its 42nd year, ICCR is the pioneer coalition of active shareholders who view the management of their investments as a catalyst for change. Its 300 member organizations with over $100 billion in AUM have an enduring record of … Learn More

NVH's mission is to provide low cost, low energy solutions for sanitation and ground water pollution. NVH partners with the Indian Ministry of Defence Research Laboratory to commercialise for global use an effective biological process creating potable water as only … Learn More

A pioneer and the world-leading provider of Drip Irrigation solutions, Netafim is the largest player in the global irrigation industry. With 14 manufacturing facilities in 11 countries, 27 subsidiaries, and a strong global distribution network across 110-plus countries, Netafim combines … Learn More

The Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC) is an international organisation with a mission to assist in addressing environmental issues. The REC fulfills this mission by promoting cooperation among governments, non-governmental organisations, businesses and other environmental stakeholders, … Learn More

RESTORE partnership for sharing knowledge &amp; promoting best practice on river restoration in Europe. Learn More

We are Ukrainian company SOUZ-CONTINENT. Our company has advanced innovative, high-tech development projects to work with the water is getting the alternate energy and water purification. Very interested in mutually beneficial cooperation for the prosperity of the world community. Learn More

CAWST, the Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology, is a non-profit organization that provides training and consulting to organizations that work directly with populations in developing countries who lack access to clean water and basic sanitation. CAWST "walks beside" … Learn More

VILLAGES UNIS est une ONG Suisse, reconnue d’utilité publique au N° 080.913007 date de la décision 18/12/2013 et basée dans la république et Canton de Genève Elle est active dans les domaines de la coopération au développement, à l'aide humanitaire … Learn More

Projects in Serbia


In 2019, the Grundfos plant in India, Serbia, has been working towards the goal of treating and reusing all water consumed on site.Like many other facilities, this factory uses water for sanitation, and to clean components in production. Thanks to … Learn More

Reconnecting floodplains to restore ecosystem services and re-establish biodiversity, this project focuses on restoring the cut-off floodplains to the Danube for the benefit of people, habitats and species. The project focuses on improving knowledge on habitat locations and conditions, helping … Learn More


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