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Morocco

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Area: 5888268 km2
Countries:
Brazil; Peru; Suriname; France; Colombia; Guyana; Bolivia; Venezuela; Ecuador
Cities:
Santa Cruz; Manaus; La Paz
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Water-Related Challenge Costs

Total annual estimated cost to address all water-related challenges: $4,808,899,242.00

Share of total annual estimated cost to address each individual challenge (2015 $USD):

  • Access to Drinking Water: $1,021,472,895.00 - [21%]
  • Access to Sanitation: $818,922,489.00 - [17%]
  • Industrial Pollution: $164,899,442.00 - [3%]
  • Agricultural Pollution: $188,000,514.00 - [4%]
  • Water Scarcity: $1,814,120,695.00 - [38%]
  • Water Management: $801,483,207.00 - [17%]

For more about this data, see information on WRI’s Achieving Abundance dataset here.

Water Challenges

As reported by organizations on the Hub.

100.0%
Land Use Issues

Country Overview

1.1.1.WATER RESOURCES The renewable water resources are estimated at 29 km3, 22 km3 of surface water and 10 km3 of groundwater, while the common part between surface water and groundwater is estimated at 3 km3 / year. Surface resources are very unevenly distributed: the basins of Loukkos, Sebou and Oum Rbia meet 71.5 percent of national resources. However, groundwater resources are more evenly distributed over the territory. The average values of surface runoff mask important temporal irregularities. Indeed, the flow rates of ten across the country represent only 32 percent of normal. Of the total renewable water resources, potential resources mobilized in the technical and economic conditions today are estimated to 20.7 km3/year nearly 3 km3 of groundwater. In terms of non-conventional water resources, the potential of wastewater was estimated at nearly 500 million m3 in 2000 and should reach 1 500 million m3 in 2020. The wastewater reuse in Morocco, particularly for irrigation of agricultural land and green space above is experimental. Currently, the use of desalination of seawater and brackish groundwater demineralization for drinking water supply of cities and centers loss is limited to the Saharan areas of southern Morocco. It was about 7 million m3 in 2000, with a forecast of 51.4 million m3 in 2020. Mobilization of water resources is done with an important heritage hydraulic -104 large dams with a total capacity of 16 904 million m3 regulate 10 600 million m3 if taken individually and 9 billion m3 if considered in the hydraulic systems of their watersheds, is regulated by volume heard the guaranteed volume of 10 eight years. At these large dams, add 17 small and medium dams and 67 dams and small lakes with a total capacity of 9.9 million m3; -13 works of water transfers between river basins can deliver more than 2 700 million m3; -An extensive network of boreholes, wells and catchment sources agrees to mobilize 3 billion m3 of groundwater which 2.5 billion from the groundwater and 500 million from the deep aquifers. The exploitation of groundwater, currently identified and assessed, can raise 3166 million m3 per year, including 82.6 percent from groundwater and 17.4 percent from deep aquifers. Although there is overexploitation of global renewable groundwater, the level of exploitation differ widely between types of ground and between watersheds. On average, the rate of exploitation of groundwater is 114.1 percent and it ranges from 75.4 percent in the basin of Bouregreg to 179.6 percent in the Souss basin. The rate of exploitation of deep aquifers is 80.4 percent and 48.2 percent goes into the basin of Loukkos to 130.1 percent in the Tensift basin. Basin by the rate of exploitation of groundwater ranges from 63.7 percent in the basin of the Sebu and 179.6 percent in the Souss Massa. This tendency to over-exploitation of groundwater will only get worse and it is estimated that by 2020 the rate of exploitation of groundwater projected to reach 120.1 percent and 89.5 deep groundwater percent. 1.1.2.WATER USE Water demands for 2000 were $ 12 607 million m3, of which 11 010 million m3 for irrigation more than 87 percent of total demand, 1 237 million m3 for communities and 360 million m3 for industry. Of the total 12 607 million m³, 7 million were desalted water, 3,166 million ground water and 9434 million surface water. By 2020 these claims will amount to 15 690 million m3, of which 13 038 million m3 for irrigation or 83 percent of the total demand. The confrontation between the mobilized water resources and water demand of different sectors shows that the needs are being met and will also be in 2020. However, this overall assessment conceals wide disparities between watersheds, only basins Loukkos and Sebou be surplus and the other accusing structural deficits. The satisfaction of the demand for irrigation water consists of 76 percent of surface water and 24 percent groundwater. The use of groundwater is mainly practiced by the private irrigation sector, which accounts for over 66.7 percent of the total demand for irrigation groundwater or 84.9 percent of demand in this sector.

1.2.WATER QUALITY, ECOSYSTEMS AND HUMAN HEALTH The greatest concern about the quality of water used or released by irrigation salinity. Of the 29 billion m3 of renewable water resources, 1.1 billion or 3.8 per cent have a salinity between 1 and 2 g/liter and 1 billion m3 or 3.4 per cent a rate greater than 2 g/liter. The salinity or alkalinity, sodium or magnesium, soil surveys want more than 150 000 ha of irrigated land and are usually the result of unsafe practices such as over-exploitation of groundwater, including coastal aquifers, the rise of the water resulting abuse of irrigation water, poor drainage due to lack of maintenance of sewerage and drainage, and non-controlling irrigation techniques, including surface irrigation. Various actual and potential negative effects on the environment are linked to irrigated agriculture. First spreading sometimes excessive nitrogen fertilizer, mainly in irrigated areas, leading to pollution of some aquifers: one considers that 10 percent of the nitrogen applied are driven out of the soil profile. In addition, withdrawals of water needed for irrigation, pollution resulting from the massive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and increasing the salinity of the medium are threats to fragile environments such as plans freshwater or brackish water, the bottom of rivers and oases. Also play an important role overexploitation of some aquifers, and the silting up of dams, which determined the loss since inception more than 10 percent of their total capacity. In terms of health, diseases such as malaria and schistosomiasis are still rampant in irrigated Country Overview - Morocco areas, despite the checks and preventive and curative measures implemented. The rapid growth of urban population causes an important phenomenon of urbanization poorly controlled in the peripheral areas of medium and large urban centers and at the expense of agricultural land generally more productive and easier to urbanize. This phenomenon irrigation schemes on the periphery of urban centers including the perimeters of large hydraulic Gharb, Tadla and Haouz market gardens and small and medium hydraulic located around the cities of Fez, Rabat, Salé, Meknes, Tetouan, Marrakesh and Casablanca. Just within the perimeter of Gharb estimated losses of irrigated land to more than 6000 ha equipped

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Organizations in Morocco


Agua de Sol, is an impact start-up currently developing the SunAir Fountain, which looks like a solar panel, but is rather a « water panel ». The panel captures moisture from the air at night thanks to a specific adsorbent … Learn More

Espace Associatif pour le développement participatif (E.A.D.P) est une coalition de 14 organismes sans but non lucratif fondée en 2013, basé à N°20 Appt N°1 tranche saghrinia zitoune Meknès, une ville marginalisée depuis longtemps située entre Rabat et Fez au … Learn More

Conserve water and help secure water access in those areas at greatest risk: Implement tools to reduce the water footprint of our hotels Mitigate water risk through stakeholder collaboration to deliver water stewardship at basin level Collaborate to ensure adequate … Learn More

We develop agroforestry projects within the supply chains of companies (Insetting) and value water benefits, among others. We develop as well a Trees4Water valuation tool that we would like to share with your platform. WE REGENERATE ECOSYSTEMS TO IMPROVE LIVELIHOODS … Learn More

The Water Resilience Coalition, founded in 2020, is an industry-driven, CEO-led coalition of the UN Global Compact's CEO Water Mandate that aims to elevate global water stress to the top of the corporate agenda and preserve the world's freshwater resources … Learn More

Our Vision is widespread implementation of sustainable chemistry, driving innovations and best practices in textile, apparel and footwear industries to protect consumers, workers and the environment. Our Mission is to enable brands and retailers in the textile, apparel, and footwear … Learn More

Projects in Morocco


GIE Femmes du Rif is a Moroccan women cooperative that produces olive oil in the Rif region. Since 2011 they are planting olive and fruit trees to strengthen and diversify their production as well as offer an alternative to illicit … Learn More

In the High Atlas of Morocco, The Coca-Cola Foundation (TCCF), through its flagship program, Replenish Africa Initiative (RAIN) is contributing to protecting watersheds and improving livelihoods through the establishment of efficient irrigation systems for community nurseries and smallholder parcels. There … Learn More

Water resources continue to deteriorate despite the adoption of IWRM and some progresses in policies, laws, monitoring programmes, etc. Concurrently, poverty, inequality, social and environmental injustices still pervade the African continent. Fundamental shift in managerial attitude and policy is required … Learn More

The main goal of this project is to halt the loss of cultural practices that benefit biodiversity in cultural landscapes. Background As commonly known, biodiversity improves the functions of ecosystems and prevents their collapse when environmental changes happen, providing to … Learn More

To strengthen global portfolio experience sharing and learning, dialogue facilitation, targeted knowledge sharing and replication in order to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of GEF IW projects to deliver tangible results in partnership with other IW initiatives.Project ResultsThe GEF increment … Learn More

Water audits were conducted at the facility and water reduction measures had been identified, prioritized and implementation has begun. Water reuse opportunities have been evaluated. Upgrading of water systems were completed. Once is treated the effluent water from the water … Learn More

Bangladesh is experiencing one of the worst humanitarian crises in history. Since August 2017, Bangladesh has seen an unprecedented influx of Rohingya refugees fleeing violence in MyanmarÕs Rakhine State. Among the nearly 1 million Rohingya refugees now residing in the … Learn More

Suggested Resources

View the full list of 300+ resources at the Water Stewardship Toolbox

In this policy brief the ILO offers comprehensive and integrated recommendations on the key areas of policy action that should form part of that response.The brief is addressed at ILO constituents (governments, employers and workers), policy-makers and the general public. Learn More

Inform and strengthen your company’s water management strategies and allow your investors to evaluate current water management activities against detailed definitions of leading practice. Learn More

Developers: Ceres

In this Nature feature, Johan Rockstrom and co-authors argue that identifying and quantifying planetary boundaries that must not be transgressed could help prevent human activities from causing unacceptable environmental change. Learn More

Nature-based solution (NBS) can improve degraded ecosystems, help sequester carbon, and manage the effects of climate change, including extreme weather events. Businesses are beginning to recognize the value of NBS for climate change mitigation, adaptation, and resilience. Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

Developed by a group of leading beverage businesses, this is an easy-to-use excel tool for beverage facilities to estimate direct costs associated with their most water- and resource- intensive processes, beyond just the cost of water from the tap. The … Learn More

Plan, Prepare and Respond- Breakdown for different industries on how to operate safely. Cleaning and disinfecting, Worker Safety, Support Resources, Mitigation Strategy Learn More

An emphasis on gaps in WASH coverage and what role institutions play in battling COVID-19. Links and other resources provided. Learn More

California and the federal government are providing broad assistance to small businesses and employers impacted by COVID-19. Learn More

This report presents analysis of the response data from a sample of 783 of the world’s largest publicly listed companies. The report is aimed at companies and investors seeking to understand how they can play their part in delivering a … Learn More

The Toolbox connects your business to the latest tools, guidance, case studies, datasets, and more most relevant to you based on your circumstances and interests. It features more than 250+ resources from dozens of organizations and is updated every week. Learn More

Developers: CEO Water Mandate, Pacific Institute

Checklist for restoring water quality in buildings left unused for a long duration. Learn More

Developers: EPA Office of Wastewater Management

CDC/EPA Guidance for Cleaning and Disinfecting Includes Printable Materials Learn More

We’re here to help you overcome the challenges created by this health crisis. We offer multiple funding options for those seeking relief. Read more below. Learn More

The purpose of these guidelines is to highlight additional measures so that the integrity of the food chain is maintained, and that adequate and safe food supplies are available for consumers. Learn More

Includes Immediate steps, ongoing health measures that can be taken, and responsible business practice Learn More

This document is intended for WASH and C4D officers at country offices working together on the Covid19 outbreak preparedness and response. The document contains guidance on reviewing existing resources and coordination mechanisms, identifying the right intervention and considerations for sustainability … Learn More

Workers in office buildings may be at risk for exposure to the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Office building employers, building owners and managers, and building operations specialists can take steps to create a safe and healthy workplace … Learn More

How to ensure the safety of your occupants and building water system and devices Learn More

CAIR-CA has put together the following guide to some of the resources for workers who have been impacted by COVID-19. Learn More

The campaigns, which target audiences at home and in schools, promote improved health and hygiene practices, such as handwashing, the importance of connecting to the water supply and sanitation system, regular payments for service continuity, and improving sanitation and menstrual … Learn More

Constantly updated database for California nonprofits. Contains Advocacy and support links, funding opportunities, Federal resources and information, announcements and resources, employee and employer resources, and resources for individuals. Learn More

Based on the major combat guidelines set by the São Paulo State Government, Sabesp is fully engaged to endure COVID-19 pandemic within its operation area, which means 374 municipalities located throughout São Paulo state and home to about 28 million … Learn More

Developers: Sabesp

Technical guidance, WASH preparedness, webinars, checklists for health facilities, self assessments, and guidance on disinfectants. Learn More

Best practices- Resources- Webinars on WASH/COVID-19 topics. Learn More

NBS offer a promising contribution on how to enhance the availability and quality of water for productive purposes and human consumption, while preserving ecosystems. In this discussion paper, 21 case studies of water management processes are analysed, using a non-representative … Learn More

FAO has been emphasizing the need to accelerate a global transition to sustainable food and agriculture systems, advocating an integrated approach. This document focuses on the management of water for agricultural use. Learn More

The purpose of this document is to provide ministries (e.g. Ministry of Health (MOH), Ministry of Water (MOW)), sub-national public health authorities, and implementing partners with a practical framework of action to both prepare for and mitigate community transmission of … Learn More

This document gives advice on: 1. Simple ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in your workplace 2. How to manage COVID-19 risks when organizing meetings &amp; events 3. Things to consider when you and your employees travel 4. Getting … Learn More

The Global Water Footprint Assessment Standard can be used to provide comparable quantification and robust analytics, helping corporations, governments, and researchers manage water resources and achieve greater water sustainability. Learn More

This guide outlines why and how investors engage on agricultural supply chain water risk. Learn More

Developers: WWF

The Committee designed this document to guide the food industry and advise its sponsoring agencies in the implementation of HACCP systems. Learn More

In this link, you will find an overview of our measures and initiatives to support the health and livelihood of employees and communities in which we operate. Our three guiding principles: Health, safety, and trust of our people Safeguard the … Learn More

Developers: Heineken

Om Prasad Gautam, Khairul Islam, and Erik Harvey discuss the importance of handwashing with soap and water in reducing the risk of infection from COVID-19 and highlight the water, sanitation, and hygiene sector can and should do in response to … Learn More

Adapting to climate change, coupled with the need to address aging infrastructure, population growth, and degraded ecosystems, requires significant investment in natural and built water systems. These investments present a significant opportunity to support not only water, but to provide … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

To help our partners in responding to this health crisis in their countries, we have compiled different resources and tools around COVID-19 and WASH, which include documents, videos, social media materials with messages on public health, webinar recordings, etc. Learn More

With special attention to resources for utilities, this page lists relevant guidance around water and COVID-19. Learn More

Developers: American Water Works Association

This page seeks to help water sector professionals keep informed on the attributions of the COVID-19 virus and any measures needed to protect both workers and public health, in general. Learn More

Resources for the Long Beach community. Covers topics such as: Movement Strategy, Family Resource Government Resources Learn More

How to ensure the safety of staff and maintaining water quality in buildings with little or no use. Learn More

National Register Resources: Psychological resources and information. Learn More

With private enterprises playing a critical role in contributing to the safety of their staff, it is important to change some of their core operations. This guide is meant as a stepping point to begin reopening with safety as a … Learn More

OSHA has developed this interim guidance to help prevent worker exposure to SARS-CoV-2. The general guidance below applies to all U.S. workers and employers. Learn More

During an infectious disease outbreak, such as the current outbreak of COVID-19, small business owners must prepare for disruption in their business as well as prepare to protect their employees’ health and safety in the workplace. These steps are recommended … Learn More

Guidelines for supply chain workplaces to reopen with a robust WASH plan of action. Learn More

This report shows how putting nature to work can help deliver infrastructure services with greater impact and lower cost, all the while reducing risks from disaster, boosting water security and enhancing climate resilience. Learn More

The Coca-Cola Company is quantifying the water-related “Replenish” benefits derived through its Community Water Partnership (CWP) projects. The work described in this report builds on previous efforts, and provides a current status of quantification results for three categories of CWP … Learn More

Developers: Global Environment Technology Foundation (GETF), The Coca-Cola Company

Questions\ guidelines relating to food businesses answered by the WHO. Learn More

This guidance is intended for all Americans, whether you own a business, run a school, or want to ensure the cleanliness and safety of your home. Learn More

How to ensure the safety of staff and maintaining water quality in buildings with little or no use. Learn More

SAVEh is the platform through which Ambev shares its water management system free of charge with other companies, which has helped to reduce more than 40% of the company’s water consumption in the last 13 years. This water efficiency tool … Learn More

Developers: Ambev S/A

The Colorado River Basin states face significant water challenges, including the overallocation of water, long-term drought, and climate change. This report, commissioned by the Walton Family Foundation, explores the potential for corporate water stewardship to help solve these challenges. Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

The City of Austin, Texas is facing an increasingly uncertain water future, from decreasing water supplies and more intense droughts to periodic flooding and water quality impairments. Austin is addressing these challenges head on, from investments in water efficiency and … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Compass Business Tools inventory maps existing business tools against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It allows you to explore commonly used business tools that may be useful when assessing your organization’s impact on the SDGs. Learn More

The world’s water resources are under increasing pressure from rising water consumption, pollution, and climate variability. The variety of water challenges companies face, from water governance issues to extreme events like drought, manifest in the river basins where the companies … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

This report is a call to action, for the immediate health response required to suppress transmission of the virus to end the pandemic, and to tackle the many social and economic dimensions of this crisis. It is, above all, a … Learn More

The Soil &amp; Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a small watershed to river basin-scale model used to simulate the quality and quantity of surface and ground water and predict the environmental impact of land use, land management practices and climate … Learn More

In response to the challenge of quantifying the business benefits, WaterAid, Diageo, GAP Inc., and Unilever have worked with PwC and ODI to develop a practical, step-by-step guide. The guide will help companies understand the business value of their WASH … Learn More

Developers: WaterAid

The Sustainable Rice Platform (SRP) Standard for Sustainable Rice Cultivation is the world’s first voluntary sustainability standard for rice. The standard is complemented by a set of 12 quantitative performance indicators. By identifying “hotspots,” the indicators enable users to monitor … Learn More

The Forest Stewardship Council created the Principles of Forest Stewardship as a worldwide standard to promote environmentally responsible, socially beneficial and economically viable management of the world’s forests. Learn More

The AWS Standard is a globally-applicable framework for major water users to understand their water use and impacts, and to work collaboratively and transparently for sustainable water management within a catchment context. Learn More

Developers: Alliance for Water Stewardship (AWS)

This paper provides examples of how to make progress in service delivery in and beyond the workplace. With private enterprises playing a critical role in contributing to the safety of their staff, it is important to change some of their … Learn More

This tool is an interactive map linking nature-based solutions to climate change adaptation outcomes based on a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature. Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

A deep dive into three areas for business action:1 Responsible Marketing 2 Accelerating Collaborative Action at the Country Level 3 Building Resilience and Good Practice Solutions for Business Learn More

This report explores the possibilities of scaling a circular economy, given the reality of the global economy and the complexity of multi-tier supply chains. Learn More

Developers: World Economic Forum

As the world’s largest corporate sustainability initiative, the United Nations Global Compact is calling on business leaders everywhere to unite to support workers, communities, and companies affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A coordinated international plan involving the business sector will … Learn More

This page brings together water and sanitation-related information from UN-Water Members and Partners in the light of the coronavirus global emergency. UN-Water is working to ensure the most up-to-date information, resources, and guidance as they become available. Learn More

Water is the lifeblood of California, providing for the household needs of 40 million people and supporting one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world, various commercial and industrial activities, and the health and viability of the state’s … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

New figures from the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (JMP) indicate that WASH services in health care facilities are sub-standard in every region. Learn More

Developers: UNICEF The United Nations Children's Fund

ILO Sectoral Policies and Governance and Tripartism Departments present four self-training modules, which adapt existing ILO training tools on OSH to provide governments, workers and employers with the necessary skills to implement the general principles contained in relevant ILO instruments. … Learn More

To combat the spread of the COVID-19 virus and rebuild our economies during and after the pandemic, collective action on water is essential. Such action can help not only to contain the virus, but also to realize the human right … Learn More

Developers: Pacific Institute

Companies are increasingly setting and pursing ‘water balance targets’ as part of their water stewardship strategies. The seeming simplicity of balance goals can be attractive – “we will restore a volume of water equal to the amount our business consumes.” … Learn More

Developers: WWF

The Water Risk Filter can be used to assess and respond to water related risks for your own operations, suppliers, or growth plans. Learn More

Developers: WWF

Safely managed water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services are an essential part of preventing and protecting human health during infectious disease outbreaks, including the current COVID-19 pandemic. Learn More

WBCSD Learn More

Outdoor Industry Association (OIA) Learn More

CTCN; UNEP Learn More

CEO Water Mandate; Water Witness International; WaterAid; WBCSD Learn More

WBCSD Learn More

UNEP Learn More

IPIECA Learn More

Ceres Learn More

Ecolab Learn More

PRI; WWF Learn More

CEO Water Mandate; Pegasys; Water Witness International; WWF Learn More

The World Bank Learn More

UNEP-DHI Learn More

WBCSD Learn More

UN Water Learn More

OECD Learn More

UNICEF; WHO Learn More

River Threat Netwrok Learn More

CEO Water Mandate; WWF Learn More

Swedish Textile Water Initiative Learn More

Alliance for Water Stewardship Learn More

WaterAid Learn More

CEO Water Mandate Learn More

CEO Water Mandate Learn More

McKinsey Learn More

Toilet Board Coalition Learn More

Conservation International Learn More

UNEP Learn More

U.S. General Services Administration Learn More

National Drought Mitigation Center Learn More

USGS Learn More

UN Water Learn More

AT&T; EDF; Global Environmental Management Institute (GEMI) Learn More

OECD Learn More

SAI Platform Learn More

Leonardo Rodriguez
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