The project, a collaboration between TCCC and TNC, implemented conservation and restoration activities on 147 ha and revegetation activities on 151.26 ha of land in the Guambi Watershed in Ecuador in order to facilitate conservation and regeneration of natural vegetation cover and protect the area from further degradation. The project implementation area ecosystem includes high-montane grasslands (paramo) characterized by dense natural vegetation with a very dense root system. Paramo soil has very high organic matter content that degrades very slowly, resulting in high water retention capabilities. Over the past 20 years, the project area has been impacted by ranching and agriculture. Grazing and human induced fire have caused degradation of the paramo vegetation within the project area, with 90% of the area having sparse presence of shrubs and native grasses. This project implements 2 restoration activities on 2 properties: (1) Conservation and passive restoration. A total of 147 ha have been set aside to allow for conservation and natural regeneration of high-montane paramo vegetation. Conservation agreements have been signed with communities and land owners to keep cattle out and prohibit burning, and barbed wire fences have been installed to create physical barriers for cattle. (2) Revegetation of severely degraded areas. Native trees have been planted on 151.26 ha (816 plants per hectare 3.5 m from each other in 30 cm wide by 30 cm deep holes).