Intensive agricultural practices can lead to soil erosion and contamination, as well as nutrient depletion. These challenges threaten the long-term viability of agricultural systems and lead to sedimentation and pollution of freshwater and marine environments. Soils with high levels of organic matter are not only more productive, but also have improved water infiltration, decreased evaporation rates and increased water retention capacity. The loss of topsoil can carry sediment, as well as many pollutants, into receiving waters, impacting water quality downstream. The economic and environmental impacts of cropland erosion are primary concerns of public and private sector actors. There are a variety of strategies for avoiding soil erosion and degradation including no-till farming, restoring riparian buffer zones, and adopting Integrated Pest Management solutions to avoid overuse of pesticides. Many find these strategies are most efficient and transformative when implemented in the context of collective action.