The Appalachian forests of the eastern United States support some of the greatest biological diversity in the worldÕs temperate region, but extraction of abundant coal reserves has damaged the landscape. Since 1977, nearly 600,000 ha of forest have been destroyed by surface mining, producing significant economic, environmental, and ecological challenges (Zipper et al., 2011). In partnership with Green Forests Work, this project is targeting the most economically and ecologically distressed counties in southeastern Kentucky. This project will demonstrate best-in-class approaches to additionality and permeance. The site preparation will begin immediately with planting taking place in Winter 2020 and continuing over the next three planting seasons. In addition to its ecological importance, this reforestation work will improve water quality and public water supplies throughout the region and will serve as a model for future headwater restoration efforts.