Summary of action BP saw water as a large source of risk for its operations in Western Australia, so it was essential for BP to lower the water use at the refinery. To this end, the refinery started a Water Minimization Program and focused on reducing potable water demand while also joining collective action with industrial partners, the local water company and regulator to recycle municipal wastewater. Program rationale With water availability declining in the region, the cost of water increased, impacting the refinery margins. Under these circumstances, BP sought solutions to secure future access to water and lower production costs. The Water Minimization Program involved different departments across the company whereas collective action through the Kwinana Water Reclamation Project (KWRP) involved many stakeholders: Water Corporation, the local regulator, the Government of Western Australia (WA) and a number of industries.