The threat of electric blackout, the increase in electricity bills and water rationing are increasingly present in the news, in pronouncements by public managers and in the daily life of the population. We have a combination of extremely unfavorable factors: on the one hand, extreme drought, lack of rain, deforestation and massive fires; and on the other hand, setbacks in governance and mismanagement of hydroelectric reservoirs and water resources in general, as is the case of Provisional Measure 1,055/2021. It seems that the water crisis of 2021-22 is more serious than the previous ones, threatening a larger contingent of the population, with negative impacts on the recovery of the economy and with the potential to further increase social tensions in the country. The seriousness of the situation has been announced since May 2021, when the National Meteorology System (SNM) together with the National Water and Sanitation Agency (ANA) and the National Center for Monitoring and Alerting Natural Disasters (Cemaden), issued Water Emergency Alert for the Paran‡ Basin region, which covers the states of MG, GO, MS, SP and PR. Then, in early June 2021, ANA published a Statement of Critical Situation of Quantitative Scarcity of Water Resources in the Paran‡ Hydrographic Region until November 30, 2021.The 2014-2015 crisis brought important lessons learned: (i) preventive action must be taken; (ii) decisions must be based on scientific knowledge and on increasingly accurate and detailed meteorological forecasts; (iii) populations in situations of vulnerability must receive priority and permanent attention, as they are the most affected, in flagrant violation of human rights; (iv) communication and information transparency are essential. In this sense, it is important to build responses that contribute to reducing predatory economic practices in the sale of water, which mainly affect the most vulnerable segments of society. Facing the current crisis must be guided by three essential principles: 1 Ð Human Rights to Water and Sanitation , declared by UN Resolution 70/69 of 2015 , in which Òaccess to clean and safe water and basic sanitation are fundamental rightsÓ. In this sense, we defend that the distribution of water in scarcity should be absolutely equitable and without any form of social, racial, ethnic or territorial discrimination, fighting any type of operational artifice that disguises unfair rationing. This principle is in line with the possibilities of the reference standards under the responsibility of editing, for which ANA is responsible for editing, to regulate the sanitation sector in Brazil.2 Ð Water Security which, according to UN-WATER (2013) , focuses on guaranteeing water in quantity, quality and accessibility (physical and financial), protection of people from pollution, natural and climatic disasters, protection of ecosystems, guaranteeing a climate of peace and resolving conflicts in the use of water in situations of water scarcity. Thus, ensuring that there is water for human consumption and for the production of food by family farming and the watering down of animals is a top priority. 3 Ð Transparency , since, in the last water supply crises that have occurred since 2014 in various parts of Brazil, the general public did not receive accurate, transparent and direct information from the managing bodies about the real situation at each moment of the crisis and on the decisions taken, which unfortunately, often privileged the supply of water to economic sectors to the detriment of the poorest population, especially the black and peripheral ones. Based on these principles, we propose the following actions:Guarantee the supply of water to human populations as a priority item in the water resources allocation agenda, guided by the principles of equality, equity, financial accessibility and non-discrimination.Urge the National Agency for Water and Basic Sanitation (ANA) to publish as soon as possible the ÒReference Norm on emergency and contingency measures, including rationingÓ, provided for in Law 14.026/2020, which changed the legal framework for sanitation;Mobilize the National and State Water Resources Management Systems, especially the Hydrographic Basin Committees, for the construction of preventive and planning actions for eventual restrictions on water use.Demand from the federal, state and municipal governments maximum transparency of information on the water crisis for the whole of society, with wide participation of the entities of the National Water Resources Management System (SINGREH), mainly the Basin Committees, both to face the crisis and for proactively preventing and preparing for future crises.